Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, and achieve long-term remission. Anti-inflammatory drugs like aminosalicylates and corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation, while immunosuppressants such as azathioprine may be prescribed to control the immune response. In more severe cases, biologic therapies targeting specific proteins in the inflammatory process, like infliximab, are effective in managing symptoms.

Surgical intervention, such as colectomy, may be considered when medication fails to control the disease or complications arise, such as colon cancer or perforation. In addition to medical treatment, dietary adjustments, stress management, and regular follow-ups are important for maintaining remission and improving the quality of life for those with ulcerative colitis.